There are three basic types of aquaponics systems.
They are media filled beds, nutrient film technique and the deep water culture system. Within each category there are endless variations in the design and construction of individual systems. The important thing is that the plants and fish co-exist in their separate environments.
The local high and low temperatures impact the site conditions which cause specific changes to individual setups. Systems need protection from local wind and weather conditions. It is essential to protect against contamination from chemicals and other poisons. Sunlight and orientation to the sun are also important factors in your setup.
Another major factor in the design of the system is the budget and space constraint. Systems can range in size from small systems using an indoor aquarium to large scale commercial operations. Depending on the site conditions one of the following options will likely be best suited for your needs.
1. Media Filled Beds: This type of system uses small grow media balls that are used to support the root system of the plants. The media is flooded with waste water and nourished with plant friendly water. The media should not be limestone as the pH will be affected and certain nutrient reactions will be inhibited. Low cost and ease of setup make this a great choice for a beginner. The simple ebb and flow system has been used for many years for backyard systems.
2. The NFT (nutrient film technique) is another common way to setup an aquaponics system. Water is pumped from the fish tank and then allowed to gravity flow in a thin film through an enclosed gutter where the plants are placed until they are harvested. this is a great way to grow leafy vegetables, but is not as optimal for taller plants due to the lack of support for the roots.
3. Deep Water Culture is exactly what the name implies. Deeper water is used and plants are floated on the surface so the roots can dangle into the water. The water is aerated for the fish and the plants float on the surface. This is ideal for larger scale operations.
Flood and drain media filled beds are simplest and most reliable systems for beginners. It can be done in a variety of different containers and you can use recycled materials. The flood and drain system also doesn’t require extensive maintenance.
For bigger systems, the deep water culture method is a great fit since the overall costs are reduced a t the larger scale of production. This method is also highly expandable.
Build your own aquaponics system with complete aquaponics how to videos for your backyard paradise.