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We Are Live-Blogging the GOP Debate in South Carolina

Mother Jones

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Overall, this was sort of a boring debate, though it heated up a bit at the end. On a substantive level, there’s not much to say: nobody really said anything new. I guess that’s just the nature of things when you get to the sixth debate. My take:

Bush: He relentlessly tried to be reasonable. Apparently he thinks that eventually this will be a winning strategy, and maybe he’s right! But not tonight. He didn’t do anything to help himself.

Carson: At his best, he was in snoozeville. At his worst, he was incoherent. He’s a goner.

Rubio: He’s a hard duck to analyze. Rubio basically has a bunch of index cards in his head, and he recites one of them whenever he gets a question. The thing is, his index cards aren’t bad. And he recites them reasonably well. But eventually they just get old. That’s how it felt tonight—until he pulled out a brand new index card and attacked Cruz hard at the end. It was a good attack! It might help him. Maybe.

Trump: Fairly quiet by his standards. He did well responding to Cruz about “New York values.” His closing statement about the sailors was probably effective. His endless prevarication on the 45 percent tariff was a loser. Not his most dynamic performance, but he did OK. His numbers will probably go up.

Cruz: He was good tonight. He handled the natural-born citizen thing pretty well. Trump pwned him on New York values, but that helped Trump more than it hurt Cruz. His explanation of his tax plan was pretty much incomprehensible, and it was made worse when Rubio went after it, but I think that was his only real stumble. He’s a good debater, and probably picked up a few points tonight.

Kasich: He seemed like an island, totally disengaged from everyone else on the stage.

Christie: As always, he tried to seem like (a) the adult in the room and (b) the toughest guy in the room. It worked OK tonight, and he might pick up a point or two. But nothing more.

Overall, I’d say Trump, Cruz, and Rubio might gain a bit. Bush and Carson will drop a bit. Kasich and Christie will stay in nowhere-land.

Transcript here.


10:20 – Kasich: Mailman father blah blah blah. Bush: “Detailed plans count.” Oh Jeb…. Christie: Dammit, America is a hellhole and don’t let anyone tell you otherwise. Carson: Zzzzz. Rubio: Obama wants to ruin America. Hillary too. Cruz: Benghazi! Radical Islamic terrorism! Political correctness! Trump: If I’m president, we will win on everything we do.

10:19 – Time for closing statements. Everyone breathes a sigh of relief.

10:13 – Bush: We just heard a big spat between two “backbench” senators. Burn!

11:11 – Ooh. Big attack on Cruz from Rubio. Cruz says half the things Rubio said were false. But what about the other half?

11:04 – “We want Rand! We want Rand!” Well, don’t we all?

11:01 – Is it a blind trust if Don, Eric, and Ivanka Trump run the company? Um, no. Pretty sure it’s not. But I’ve actually been a little curious about what Trump would do with his company if he won.

10:57 – Christie says current Republican Congress “consorted” with Barack Obama. Quelle horreur!

10:55 – Big fight between Rubio and Cruz. Now Christie comes in to break it up. Let’s talk entitlement reform!

10:52 – Rubio says that Cruz’s tax plan would be bad for seniors. He’s right, but I doubt anyone understood what he said.

10:49 – Carson just gave an answer that I flatly didn’t understand. I’ll have to review it later.

10:46 – It’s tax time. I’m guessing everyone is in favor of cutting them. Especially on corporations and the rich.

10:43 – Now Cruz says his business tax is like a tariff. No, it’s not. But who’s counting, anyway?

10:41 – Cruz says Trump and Bush are both right about China. Such a peacemaker. The answer is a flat tax. Wait, what? What did I miss?

10:40 – Boos when Trump attacks Bush. The arena must have a big Bush cheering section.

10:39 – Trump also wants a trade war against Japan.

10:38 – Rubio: the answer to all our problems is to do the opposite of Barack Obama.

10:36 – So…Trump says the NYT lied, but I guess they didn’t. Imagine that. Trancript here.

10:35 – OK, but what about the tariff, Donald? Blah blah blah. Biggest bank in the world has an office in his building. But he’s totally open to a tariff.

10:35 – Did Trump call for 45 percent tariff on China? He says, of course not. He says he’d only do it if he stayed mad at them. Or something.

10:30 – Bush still trying to be reasonable. It’s so crazy it might work!

10:29 – “Radical Islamic terrorism.” Say it. SAY IT!

10:24 – Trump: “There’s something going on and it’s bad.” I guess that’s Trump’s campaign in a nutshell.

10:22 – Bush: “You can’t make rash statements.” Exciting as always!

10:21 – Jeb Bush steps up and defends letting Muslims into the country. Good for him.

10:19 – No follow-up, of course.

10:18 – These guys have lots of criticism of Obama, but they sure are shy about proposing actual concrete measures to step up the fight against ISIS.

10:15 – Should we send 20,000 ground troops to Iraq to fight ISIS? Carson says we should just give the military whatever they ask for. That’s it. And we should send in lots of special ops to put ISIS on the run. Uh huh.

10:11 – The fights between Trump and Cruz have been amusing, but generally speaking this debate has been pretty boring. Lots of canned applause lines and not a lot else.

10:10 – Does Saudi Arabia suck? Kasich says they need to stop funding radical clerics and madrasses. But what if they don’t?

10:07 – Ooh. Bush brings out the old Jerusalem chestnut. Go Jeb!

10:05 – New York values? William F. Buckley came out of Manhattan! New Yorkers were great after 9/11! So there.

10:01 – Sorry for the hiatus. So what’s going on? Guns? Looks like everyone is in favor of guns, guns, and more guns.

9:37 – The hamsters that power motherjones.com seem to be tired tonight. Sorry about that. If you’re having trouble commenting, keep trying!

9:34 – Cruz mostly treats natural-born citizen controversy as a joke. Probably smart.

9:31 – Audience booing Trump again.

9:30 – Audience booing Trump when he starts talking about polls.

9:27 – Audience not happy that Neil Cavuto asks Cruz about whether he’s a natural-born citizen. Cruz calls it a “birther” theory.

9:23 – Ah, an old favorite: Cruz turns a million-dollar loan from Goldman Sachs into an attack on the liberal media. That never gets old, does it?

9:20 – Trump says Syrian refugees are Trojan horses.

9:19 – Carson: What if someone hit us with an EMP, cyber-attack, and dirty bomb all at once? That would be pretty bad.

9:18 – Carson already whining about not getting enough questions.

9:17 – Rubio: Benghazi! Also: Obama has betrayed Israel, gutted the military, and apologized on ten world tours. That’s quite the memorized applause list.

9:13 – Bush: ISIS has a caliphate the size of Indiana! Also, US military has been totally gutted. Can’t even project power anymore.

9:11 – I wonder if anyone is going to acknowledge that American sailors did cross into Iranian waters near a major military base?

9:09 – If economy collapses next January, Kasich will balance the budget. That should work great.

9:06 – Cruz just can’t wait to bring up the American sailors. Ugh. Apparently he would have nuked Tehran immediately upon their capture.

8:57 – “The pirates are fighting in advance.” Huh?

8:48 – What will Donald Trump say tonight? In just a few minutes we’ll find out!

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We Are Live-Blogging the GOP Debate in South Carolina

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Meet Comedy Central’s New Odd Couple

Mother Jones

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Tonight marks the premiere of Comedy Central’s Idiotsitter, the creative love child of comedians Jillian Bell and Charlotte Newhouse, longtime writing partners and pals who met while performing with well-known Los Angeles improv troupe the Groundlings. Bell, the more established of the pair, has written for SNL and juggled various acting roles, notably playing Jillian Belk, the weird but loveable co-worker of Adam DeMamp (Adam DeVine) on the TV show Workaholics. She’s also had solid parts in recent films including The Night Before and 22 Jump Street—in which she unloads a relentless stream of ageist insults on Jonah Hill’s undercover high-school cop character.

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Meet Comedy Central’s New Odd Couple

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Ted Cruz’s War on Ethanol Mandates

Mother Jones

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This story originally appeared on the Guardian and is reproduced here as part of the Climate Desk collaboration.

For decades, presidential candidates seeking to compete in the Iowa caucuses have dutifully pledged their support for the production and sale of ethanol.

In 2011, Jon Huntsman went so far as to cite his opposition to subsidies for production of the corn-based biofuel as a reason to skip the state, given the strength of the lobbying groups behind it.

This year could be different. While all three Democratic candidates for the White House have voiced their support for the corn-based biofuel and thus, they hope, garnered support from those who produce and profit from it, the Republican front-runner in Iowa is adamantly opposed. And that could permanently change caucus politics.

Ted Cruz is strongly opposed to the renewable fuel standard (RFS), which mandates that all gas sold in the US include a certain percentage of biofuels like ethanol.

While ethanol advocates argue that its production is vital for both the rural economy and national security—as a source of domestically produced energy—opponents deride what they see as a government boondoggle to help agribusiness, which by its very existence raises food prices and harms the environment.

The federal government no longer directly subsidizes ethanol, but the RFS serves as an indirect subsidy. Opponents of ethanol production want to end the RFS. The pro-ethanol lobby wants the RFS unchanged until 2022, when it is due to expire.

In Iowa, this issue is sparking a furious political battle.

Cruz is not the only ethanol skeptic still running—Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky is also opposed to the RFS. But, perhaps characteristically, the senator from Texas has gone out of his way to antagonize supporters of renewable fuels.

Eric Branstad, head of America’s Renewable Future (ARF), a bipartisan coalition of Iowa ethanol supporters, said Cruz refused to meet his group or even acknowledge it, forcing it to send a candidate survey by certified mail, just to confirm he had received it. Needless to say, Cruz did not fill out the survey.

ARF, which has built a well-funded operation to encourage ethanol supporters to attend the caucuses in February, has launched a major advertising campaign against Cruz. It is even following Cruz around the state, as he continues a bus tour.

Last week, Cruz wrote in the Des Moines Register that he supported keeping a renewable fuel requirement in place through 2022. ARF duly celebrated. However, Cruz has long favored a five-year RFS phase-out and was thus simply saying that he would start that process the moment he was elected to the White House.

The senator also wrote that he would significantly reduce the mandated use of ethanol each year in that five-year period.

Though the ethanol lobby feels confident it has pushed Cruz on the issue, it has not declared victory yet. In a statement, Branstad, who is the son of Iowa’s six-term governor, Terry Branstad, said: “Until Cruz pledges to uphold the RFS as the law dictates—not his position to phase it down by 2022—we will continue to educate Iowa voters about his bad position.”

ARF attacks on Cruz have included hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of radio, online and direct mail advertising. It is unclear, though, how much such attacks will matter.

Mark Langgin, a veteran Democratic political consultant in the state, told the Guardian: “Iowa farmers, while ethanol is important to them, they are first and foremost…a very socially conservative audience. So I don’t see ethanol being that huge of a wedge issue for Cruz.”

He was echoed by Jeff Kaufmann, the chair of the Republican Party of Iowa, who said: “I am not convinced that issue, in and of itself, will either cause a candidate to win or lose.”

While Kauffmann conceded that “ethanol is a critical issue in Iowa” and said the state certainly had some single-issue voters on the subject, he suggested that support for ethanol was not a make or break position.

“If you’re against the RFS, you’re going to make Iowans mad, you’re going to have some Iowans question you but the beauty of Iowa is you can take your case to the people,” said Kaufmann.

He added: “There is a certain appreciation from Iowans when a candidate comes to them and explains why he or she disagrees.”

Regardless of who wins the Iowa caucuses, however, the ethanol lobby may face new problems away from the political arena. The collapse in global oil prices has reduced the appeal of corn-based fuel.

As Matt Lasov, global head of advisory and analytics at Frontier Strategy Group, told the Guardian: “With oil prices at $40 a barrel and no sign of that changing, ethanol looks less viable.”

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Ted Cruz’s War on Ethanol Mandates

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Fox Should Ask the GOP Candidates These Questions at Tonight’s Debate

Mother Jones

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On Thursday night, the Republican 2016 wannabes will once again gather for a debate, with the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary just weeks away. Though each of these candidates has been on the debate stage multiple times this campaign—and has occasionally granted interviews to reporters—there are still many questions that they have not had to address. So editors and reporters at Mother Jones have compiled a short list of queries that we’d put to the GOP candidates. Kudos to Fox Business Network if any of these get asked.

Donald Trump

* When you appeared on the talk show of conspiracy theory promoter Alex Jones, you told him that his “reputation is amazing” and added, “I will not let you down.” Jones has championed many conspiratorial notions, including that the massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary School never happened and that the attacks on the World Trade Center were an inside job. So what’s “amazing” about him?

* Why did you cut a deal with Amar Mammadov—an Azerbajani businessman accused of cronyism and profiting off his family’s ties to the government—to open a new Trump hotel in Baku?

* How many new government employee will be needed to implement your plan to bar Muslims from entering the nation? Given that any would-be terrorist who happens to be Muslim would likely lie about his or her religion to reach the United States, you couldn’t rely on the statements provided by foreigners trying to get into the United States. So then wouldn’t you need an army of federal workers to investigate each person coming into the United States? And how much would this anti-Muslim program cost?

* Can you now explain what the nuclear triad is?

Ted Cruz

* Your father, Rafael Cruz, who is an evangelical pastor, has often resorted to fiery, if not extremist, rhetoric. He has called the United States a “Christian nation,” and he has said that President Barack Obama is an “outright Marxist” who “seeks to destroy all concept of God” and should be sent “back to Kenya.” Most of us would not want to be judged on the basis of what a relative says. But you have extensively used your father as a campaign surrogate and to recruit religious leaders as supporters of your campaign. Would you disavow these comments?

* You have described Trump’s efforts to raise questions about you eligibility to be president—due to your birth in Canada—as a “silly” sideshow. But some of your own supporters, such as Rep. Steve King of Iowa, have questioned whether Obama was born in the United States and whether he is eligible to be president—even though, like you, his mother was indisputably a US citizen. Have King and other conservative birthers engaged in a silly sideshow?

* As a candidate, you have advocated tort reform—that is, imposing a cap of $750,000 on punitive damages that can be awarded in cases of malpractice or corporate malfeasance. Yet when you were a lawyer in private practice, you twice worked on cases to secure $50 million-plus jury awards in tort cases. Why the double standard?

Marco Rubio

* You’ve supported background checks for gun purchases in the past. Now you’re attacking the president for a similar proposal. Why have you flip-flopped?

* In a recent campaign ad, you attacked Obama for spying on Israel. Do you believe the US government should never mount any intelligence-gathering operations regarding Israel and that the United States should not spy on Israel to detect possible Israeli intelligence actions aimed at the US government or American corporations?

Ben Carson

* More than half of every dollar your campaign has raised has gone into the bank accounts of the consultants you’ve hired to raise that money. Why should conservatives continue opening up their checkbooks for a cause that’s mainly enriching political professionals?

* In a 2013 book, you wrote that people who commit health care fraud should suffer “some very stiff penalties…such as loss of one’s medical license for life, no less than ten years in prison, and loss of all of one’s personal possessions.” Yet you are in business with a former dentist who pleaded guilty to health care fraud. How does a candidate who campaigns on honesty and integrity explain this?

* You are a Seventh-day Adventist, and in a talk you gave in 2014 you indicated that you accept the church’s belief that a time will come when Seventh-day Adventists will be imprisoned by the government and even put to death merely for observing the Sabbath on Saturday, not Sunday. Do you truly think the US government will one day round up, jail, and possibly execute Seventh-day Adventists?

* Please name your favorite surgeon general and explain your choice.

Jeb Bush

* Paul Wolfowitz, a deputy secretary of defense in your brother’s administration, was one of the architects of the Iraq War, and prior to the invasion he made a series of predictions about the war that were wildly inaccurate. Why did you sign him up as a foreign policy adviser for your campaign?

Chris Christie

* Your administration in New Jersey has vigorously fought open-records requests for a wide variety of government documents: your schedule, your travel records, and contracts you handed out following Superstorm Sandy. Do you have a problem with transparency?

John Kasich

* You’ve said, “When you die and get to the meeting with Saint Peter, he’s probably not going to ask you much about what you did about keeping government small. But he is going to ask you what you did for the poor. You better have a good answer.” But as governor you have decreased food aid for the poor in Ohio in a manner that disproportionately affects minority communities. What do you think Saint Peter will say to that?

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Fox Should Ask the GOP Candidates These Questions at Tonight’s Debate

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The Texas Trooper Who Pulled Over Sandra Bland Was Just Indicted

Mother Jones

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On Wednesday, nearly five months after Sandra Bland was found dead in a jail cell in Waller County, Texas, a grand jury has charged the state trooper who initially arrested the 28-year-old black woman with perjury.

Trooper Brian Encinia pulled over Bland in Prairie View on July 20, citing an improper lane change. Dash cam footage later released by county officials showed that the encounter quickly escalated after Encinia ordered Bland out of her car. In the video, Encinia can be heard saying, “I’m going to drag you out of here,” as he reached into Bland’s vehicle. He then pulled out what appeared to be a Taser, yelling, “I will light you up!” Encinia eventually forced Bland to the ground as she protested the arrest. Encinia arrested Bland for “assault on a public servant” and booked her into the Waller County jail, where she was found dead three days later.

The video raised questions about how a woman who was on her way to start a new job wound up dying in custody. An autopsy determined that Bland died of “suicide by hanging,” but Bland’s family countered that suicide seemed “unfathomable” and asked the US Department of Justice to investigate the incident. County officials said Bland had asked to use the phone about an hour before she was found hanging in her cell. Bland’s family said they had been trying to help her post bail.

Encinia’s class A misdemeanor perjury charge, punishable by up to a year in jail and a $4,000 fine, relates to a statement he made in the incident report following Bland’s arrest. It comes a few weeks after the Waller County grand jury concluded that no felony had been committed in Bland’s death by the county sheriff or jail staff.

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The Texas Trooper Who Pulled Over Sandra Bland Was Just Indicted

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Why Planned Parenthood Had an Even Worse Year Than You Think

Mother Jones

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On July 14, anti-abortion activist David Daleiden and his nonprofit Center for Medical Progress (CMP) released a series of secretly recorded and deceptively edited videos purporting to show Planned Parenthood officials discussing the sale of fetal tissue—a practice that is illegal. The videos have since been widely discredited, but they set off a nationwide offensive against Planned Parenthood that made 2015 one of the worst years ever for the nearly 100-year-old reproductive and women’s health care organization.

Responding to the videos, Planned Parenthood emphasized that the discussion that had been covertly filmed concerned the costs of storing and transporting fetal tissue, which can be recouped according to federal law. The group also hired a research firm to examine the editing of the videos. When the firm concluded that the videos had been extensively and deceptively edited, the CMP dismissed these findings as “a complete failure” and an attempt at distraction.

The doctored videos monopolized the abortion debate for the rest of 2015. They inspired efforts to defund Planned Parenthood in six states, investigations of the women’s health provider in seven states (all have so far found no evidence of fetal tissue sales), and the creation of a special investigative committee in Congress. In October, Planned Parenthood announced it would stop taking any reimbursements for fetal tissue donations and would pay for their storage and transport instead. Fetal tissue donation is legal in the United States, and it’s critical for medical research.

The next month, a shooting attack at a Colorado Springs Planned Parenthood killed three people and injured nine. The alleged gunman, Robert Lewis Dear, said “no more baby parts” during his arrest. When he appeared in court, he shouted, “I am a warrior for the babies,” but authorities still hesitate to confirm the widespread suspicion that Dear’s actions were connected to the controversial videos.

“One of the lessons of this awful tragedy is that words matter, and hateful rhetoric fuels violence,” Dawn Laguens, the executive vice president of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, said in a statement after the shooting. “It’s not enough to denounce the tragedy without also denouncing the poisonous rhetoric that fueled it.”

Here’s a look back at some of the significant events from the past year in the relentless war against Planned Parenthood:

Congressional Budget Fights and Investigations

A total of three congressional committees launched investigations into the activities of Planned Parenthood following the release of the videos. Several lawmakers also spearheaded efforts to strip Planned Parenthood of its approximately $500 million in federal funding. Federal money for most abortions is already illegal, but about $400 million of Planned Parenthood’s federal funds come from Medicaid reimbursements, when low-income women choose to use their Medicaid coverage for health care services at a local Planned Parenthood facilities. On July 21, Rep. Diane Black (R-Tenn.) introduced the Defund Planned Parenthood Act of 2015, saying on the House floor that “Planned Parenthood’s culture of depravity runs much deeper than a couple of videos.” The bill would have placed an immediate moratorium on federal funding to Planned Parenthood pending the results of a congressional investigation into the group.

In September, the House Judiciary Committee held a hearing to investigate the claims about the sale of fetal tissue but found no evidence of wrongdoing. Following the Judiciary Committee hearing, the House passed Black’s bill on September 18, voting to strip Planned Parenthood of its federal funding. A similar defunding measure passed the Senate in early December.

On September 29, Planned Parenthood’s president, Cecile Richards, was called to testify before a House government oversight committee. Led by Chairman Jason Chaffetz (R-Utah), House Republicans grilled Richards for more than four hours about how her organization spends its federal funding. Chaffetz frequently cut Richards off when she was replying to his questions, and he suggested throughout the hearing that Planned Parenthood should be stripped of its federal funding. A number of the committee Democrats accused the Republicans of misogyny and discrimination against women. “My colleagues say there is no war on women,” said Rep. Gerald E. Connolly (D-Va.). “Look at how you’ve been treated, Ms. Richards.”

Chaffetz also presented a chart at the hearing suggesting that in 2013 Planned Parenthood performed more abortions than life-saving procedures such as cancer screenings. Many media outlets point out that this implied conclusion was completely wrong. Below is Chaffetz’s chart alongside a properly scaled version from Mother Jones blogger Kevin Drum:

And if the chart were to include the testing for sexually transmitted diseases and the contraceptive services provided by Planned Parenthood, it would look like this:

After three congressional investigations into Planned Parenthood turned up no evidence of wrongdoing, then-House Speaker John Boehner announced on October 23 that Rep. Marsha Blackburn (R-Tenn.) would chair a new investigative committee (with $300,000 in funds just to start) to scrutinize the women’s health organization. She was joined by seven anti-abortion Republicans, all of whom co-sponsored a bill in July proposing to defund Planned Parenthood. Democrats charge that this committee is as politically motivated and biased as the one investigating Hillary Clinton and the attacks on the American consulate in Benghazi, Libya.

On December 3, the Senate passed a bill to defund Planned Parenthood and to repeal the Affordable Care Act. Though President Barack Obama planned to veto the legislation, Senate Republicans viewed it as an important symbolic gesture. “The president can’t be shielded by the weighty decision he’ll finally have to make when this measure lands right on his desk,” said Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell. Nonetheless, later in December, the final spending bill left the funding for Planned Parenthood intact.

Presidential Politics

The GOP’s many presidential hopefuls used the Planned Parenthood video controversy to prop up their anti-abortion bona fides as the campaign season ramped up. In February, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie, just a few months before announcing his presidential bid, told a talk show host at the Conservative Political Action Conference that his decision to veto Planned Parenthood funding for five years in a row in his state was a product of his pro-life beliefs. In August, at a town hall in Colorado, former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush said he believed Planned Parenthood should be defunded because “they’re not actually doing women’s health issues.”

During the second GOP primary debate in September, presidential candidate Carly Fiorina described a grisly scene from the doctored Planned Parenthood videos released by the Center for Medical Progress. “I dare Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama, to watch these tapes. Watch a fully formed fetus on the table, its heart beating, its legs kicking, while someone says we have to keep it alive to harvest its brain.” Fox News went on to call this “the moment of the night,” and Fiorina surged in the polls. The only problem? As noted by many news outlets, the video she described doesn’t exist. Fiorina’s super-PAC then created their own version of the previously nonexistent video.

When anti-abortion rhetoric turned to violence at the clinic in Colorado Springs and gunman Robert Dear opened fire on the facility, leaving three people dead, Democratic candidates responded swiftly to the tragedy with their condolences.

The Republican candidates took nearly a full day to weigh in, and even then, only a few offered public statements. Two days after the shooting, Mike Huckabee equated the murders in Colorado Springs with the medical procedures at Planned Parenthood, “where many millions of babies die.”

Statehouse Actions

Attacks on Planned Parenthood in statehouses across the country preceded the videos but gained new intensity after they were released. In 2013, the Texas legislature passed HB2, a controversial law that imposes several onerous restrictions on abortion providers, including the requirement that abortions be performed in facilities known as ambulatory surgical centers. In January 2015, Planned Parenthood completed a new surgical facility in Dallas to comply with the implementation of HB2. The new clinic—a refurbished ambulatory surgical center—cost the organization more than $6 million. Ambulatory surgical centers have strict structural requirements, including wider hallways, sterile ventilation, and larger operating rooms. Planned Parenthood purchased one and then had to spend additional funds readying it for patients. Many medical professionals, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, have repeatedly noted that typical doctor’s offices are appropriate settings to perform medically safe abortions.

In February, the Arkansas legislature proposed a bill that would prohibit government funds (other than Medicaid) from going to any group that provides abortions or gives referrals for the procedure. The move cut off funding that the state’s Planned Parenthood chapter had been using to pay for sex ed. The bill was enacted in April and Planned Parenthood’s state-funded sex ed program—focused on teaching public school students about the prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted infections—shut down.

After the videos were released, several states attempted to pull state funding from Planned Parenthood. Louisiana was the first: Gov. Bobby Jindal announced in August that the state would cut off Medicaid funds for Planned Parenthood. In October, a federal judge temporarily blocked this measure from going into effect, but not before the state’s lawyers filed with the court a list of health care providers that could replace Planned Parenthood. The list included dentists, cosmetic surgeons, ophthalmologists, nursing home caregivers, and other doctors outside the field of women’s health. “It strikes me as extremely odd that you have a dermatologist, an audiologist, a dentist who are billing for family planning services,” said the judge.

Just a few days after Louisiana’s announcement, Alabama Gov. Robert Bentley announced that his state would cut off funds to Planned Parenthood. In October, a federal judge in Alabama ruled that the state had to restore Planned Parenthood’s funding, saying that the state’s reason for cutting off Planned Parenthood—for allegedly selling fetal tissue—wasn’t applicable to patients in Alabama, where fetal donation is outlawed.

Following these announcements in Louisiana and Alabama, the Obama administration wrote a letter to officials in both states explaining that pulling Medicaid funding from Planned Parenthood was likely a violation of a 2011 federal rule saying states can’t discriminate against health care providers that provide abortions in their Medicaid allocations. Despite this official warning, over the next several months, Arkansas, New Hampshire, Utah, and Texas all announced that their states would pull state funding from Planned Parenthood. In October, federal judges in Arkansas and Utah ruled that Planned Parenthood’s funding had to be restored, but in December, a federal judge in Utah reversed the lower court’s ruling, saying the state could defund Planned Parenthood. In Texas, an appeal from Planned Parenthood requesting that the court prevent the defunding process from moving forward is awaiting judgment.

Courts

In November, the Supreme Court announced it would review its first abortion case in nine years, Whole Woman’s Health v. Cole. The outcome of the case will have major repercussions for all abortion providers in Texas, including Planned Parenthood. At issue in the case is HB2, the omnibus Texas abortion bill that imposes onerous restrictions on abortion providers. As portions of the law have gone into effect, more than half of the abortion clinics in Texas have closed. Before the law there were 41 clinics; now there are 18. If the Supreme Court upholds two of the most burdensome requirements of the law—that abortion clinics be performed in ambulatory surgical centers, and that all abortion clinic doctors have admitting privileges at a nearby hospital—the number of clinics in Texas could fall to 10. More broadly, the high court’s decision will likely clarify its 1992 ruling in another seminal abortion case, Casey v. Planned Parenthood, further defining how far lawmakers nationwide can go when passing abortion restrictions.

Planned Parenthood also mounted several legal challenges on the state level in 2015. In December, Planned Parenthood sued Ohio in federal court. The state’s attorney general, Mike DeWine, made statements that the state’s investigation of Planned Parenthood had turned up evidence that the contractors tasked with disposing of fetal remains on Planned Parenthood’s behalf were doing so in landfills. The women’s health provider filed a lawsuit saying that DeWine’s inflammatory statements singled out Planned Parenthood and were simply a political move aimed at hurting abortion access in the state. “Planned Parenthood handles medical tissue just like other health care providers do,” Jerry Lawson, CEO of Planned Parenthood Southwest Ohio, said in a statement. “We work with licensed medical removal companies to handle fetal tissue respectfully and safely.”

Clinic Protests and Violence

On August 21, anti-abortion activists protested in front of about 320 clinics around the country, calling on Congress to defund Planned Parenthood. Organizers of the nationwide protests said this was the largest-ever rally against Planned Parenthood. Violence against abortion clinic facilities and staff continued to surge throughout 2015, with an increase in instances of arson and vandalism, culminating in the deadly rampage at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Colorado Springs.

Ever since Colorado Springs, pro-choice advocates have warned that the culture of hate against Planned Parenthood will continue to breed violence against women’s health providers.

“Even when the gunman was still inside of our health center, politicians who have long opposed safe and legal abortion were on television pushing their campaign to defund Planned Parenthood and invoking the discredited video smear campaign that reportedly fed this shooter’s rage,” said Laguens, the executive vice president of Planned Parenthood Federation of America, in the aftermath of the shooting. “Instead of looking for lessons to prevent this from happening in the future, they’re doubling down on their effort to block women from getting preventive health care at Planned Parenthood…It is offensive and outrageous that some politicians are now claiming this tragedy has nothing to do with the toxic environment they helped create.”

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Why Planned Parenthood Had an Even Worse Year Than You Think

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A Grand Jury Just Decided Not to Indict the Cop Who Killed 12-Year-Old Tamir Rice

Mother Jones

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Update (3:08 p.m. ET, 12/28/2015): The family of Tamir Rice has issued the following statement:

On Monday, more than a year since 12-year-old Tamir Rice was killed by a Cleveland police officer, a grand jury decided not to indict the cops involved, Timothy Loehmann and Frank Garmback. Cuyahoga County Prosecutor Timothy McGinty said that despite “the perfect storm” of errors that day, those errors “did not constitute criminal conduct.”

On the afternoon of November 22, 2014, less than 10 minutes after a man called 911 to report a person in a park waving around what appeared to be a gun, Loehmann and his partner Garmback drove up directly in front of Rice, with Loehmann emerging from the patrol car and shooting the boy almost instantaneously. Surveillance footage showed the officers standing around for several minutes after the shooting without giving Rice, any kind of first aid or tending to his wounds. The boy died at a hospital the next day. The gun in Rice’s possession turned out to be a toy replica.

Monday’s decision emerges after more than a year of public controversy and investigations into the incident, first by the Cleveland police department and then by the Cuyahoga County sheriff’s office, which in July handed over its findings to McGinty. Beginning in October, McGinty released three independent reports assessing the legality of Loehmann’s and Garmback’s actions. The reports, written by experts tapped by the prosecutor, all appeared to absolve the officers of misconduct. Their release to the public long before the grand jury decision was unusual—grand jury proceedings are typically closed off to the public—and the move prompted Rice’s family and supporters to call for a special prosecutor to take over the case. Neither Loehmann nor Garmback ever spoke to investigators, as Mother Jones first reported in May, but in December the two officers released public statements for the first time since Rice’s death.

Here are the key events that led up to the grand jury decision:

November 22, 2014: A 911 caller tells a police dispatcher that a man who is “probably a juvenile” is waving around a gun that is “probably fake.” The call taker fails to relay those details in the dispatch computer system and codes the call a “priority 1.” A radio dispatcher requests officers to the scene. Tamir Rice is shot and killed within 10 minutes of the 911 call.

December 3, 2014: A report from the Cleveland Plain Dealer reveals that Loehmann’s personnel record showed the officer had a troubling history with handling guns in the past. According to reports by supervisors at the Independence Police Department—where Loehmann served a six-month stint in 2012 before joining the Cleveland police—he was “distracted” and “weepy” during firearms qualifications training. An Independence deputy police chief wrote that Loehmann “could not follow simple directions, could not communicate clear thoughts nor recollections, and his handgun performance was dismal,” and recommended that the department part ways with him.

December 5, 2014: Rice’s family files a federal wrongful death suit against Loehmann, Garmback, and the city of Cleveland.

January 2015: The Cuyahoga County sheriff’s office takes over the city’s investigation into the shooting.

June 11, 2015: A Cleveland judge finds there is sufficient evidence to charge both Loehmann and Garmback, but leaves that decision up to the county prosecutor.

June 13, 2015: After five months, the county sheriff’s office releases the results of its probe. Loehmann and Garmback, as Mother Jones was the first to report, refused to speak with investigators despite multiple requests by investigators to interview them.

October 11, 2015: Cuyahoga County Prosecutor McGinty releases two reports that conclude Loehmann’s actions were “objectively reasonable” and constitutional, suggesting the investigation may not lead to charges. The two reports note that possible tactical errors made by the officers—such as whether Loehmann issued a warning before firing shots—are not relevant to the findings. The release of the reports stirs a public outcry and prompts Rice’s family and supporters to call for McGinty’s recusal from the grand jury process and for a special prosecutor to take over the case.

November 12, 2015: McGinty releases a third report that focuses on the potential mishandling of the 911 call and whether Garmback’s decision to drive the squad car to within feet of Rice contributed to the shooting. The report concludes that the 911 dispatcher and both officers’ actions were reasonable.

November 28, 2015: Two outside law enforcement experts, retained by the Rice family’s attorneys, conclude in their reports that Loehmann’s and Garmback’s actions were “reckless” and unjustifiable under the law. They challenge the three earlier reports released by the county prosecutor.

December 1, 2015: After a yearlong silence, Loehmann and Garmback release their written accounts of what happened on the day of the shooting. Their statements are made public through the county prosecutor. “I had very little time as I exited the vehicle,” Loehmann wrote of the moments before he fired two shots at Rice. “We are trained to get out of the cruiser because ‘the cruiser is a coffin.'” He added, “I saw the weapon in his hands coming out of his waistband and the threat to my partner and myself was real and active.”

December 15, 2015: Rice’s family formally requests a Department of Justice investigation into the boy’s death and the prosecutor’s handling of the grand jury proceedings.

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A Grand Jury Just Decided Not to Indict the Cop Who Killed 12-Year-Old Tamir Rice

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7 Great Environment Longreads From 2015

Mother Jones

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From California’s nut boom to the green guru of professional sports, it’s been a great year for longreads about the environment here at Mother Jones. In case you missed them (or you just want to read ’em again), here are some of our favorites, in no particular order:

  1. “Invasion of the Hedge Fund Almonds,by Tom Philpott. In California, farmers are converting their farms to almond, pistachio, and walnut orchards at a breakneck pace—and Wall Street firms are buying them up. No wonder, since these nuts are extremely valuable right now. That’s because they’re the health food du jour, both here and in China. There’s just one problem: Tree nuts suck up more water than practically any other crop. So how can there be a nut boom during the worst drought in California’s history? Tom Philpott has the fascinating answer.
  2. “How the Government Put Tens of Thousands of People at Risk of a Deadly Disease,” by David Ferry. Valley fever, a potentially fatal fungal disease, recently reached near-epidemic proportions among the Golden State’s prisoners. The illness is endemic to California’s Central Valley—which also happens to house a high concentration of state prisons. African American and Filipino people are particularly susceptible to the fungus, yet correctional officers repeatedly ignored recommendations to transfer these vulnerable prisoners away from Central Valley facilities. The results were nothing short of tragic.
  3. “Bark Beetles Are Decimating Our Forests. That Might Actually Be a Good Thing,” by Maddie Oatman. Ever-worsening infestations of pine beetles have killed large swaths of forests in the Western United States. As climate change intensifies, the beetle carnage is only expected to increase. The US Forest Service maintains that the only way to stop the marauding bugs is by thinning: cutting down trees to stop the beetles’ progress. But entomologist Diana Six, who has devoted her career to beetle ecology, thinks the beetles may actually know more than we do about how to make forests resilient in the face of big changes ahead as the planet warms.
  4. “This May Be the Most Radical Idea in All of Professional Sports,” by Ian Gordon. If you’ve ever been to a pro sports game, you may have noticed that most are not exactly green operations. In addition to the mountains of beer cans, Styrofoam nacho trays, and peanut shells, there’s the giant energy cost of powering a stadium, and all the carbon emissions that go with it. Sports execs considered all of that an unavoidable cost of doing business—until a charismatic scientist named Allen Hershkowitz came onto the scene a decade ago. Since then, thanks to Hershkowitz and his Green Sports Alliance, at least 28 venues have started using some kind of renewable energy and 20 stadiums have been LEED certified, while the National Hockey League, the National Basketball Association, and Major League Baseball have all made major changes to reduce their environmental footprints. So how did Hershkowitz do it?
  5. “Does Air Pollution Cause Dementia?,” by Aaron Reuben. Scientists have long known that air pollution causes and exacerbates respiratory problems—such as asthma and infections and cancers of the lungs—and they also suspect it contributes to a diverse range of other disorders, from heart disease to obesity. But now cutting-edge research suggests these particles play a role in some of humanity’s most terrifying and mysterious illnesses: degenerative brain diseases.
  6. “This Scientist Might End Animal Cruelty—Unless GMO Hardliners Stop Him,” by Kat McGowan. Scientist Scott Fahrenkrug has big plans to make life for millions of farm animals a whole lot better. Through a technique called gene editing, Fahrenkrug’s company has made dairy cows that can skip the painful dehorning process—because they don’t grow horns in the first place. He’s created male pigs that don’t have to be castrated because they never go through puberty. He’s tweaking the DNA of a few high-performance cattle breeds so they’re more heat tolerant and can thrive in a warming world. Fahrenkrug’s ultimate goal is animals with just the right mix of traits—and much less suffering. But many people see genetically modified foods as a symbol of all that’s wrong with the industrial food system. Fahrenkrug will have to convince them that it offers the surest and fastest route to more ethical and sustainable farming.
  7. “Heart of Agave,” by Ted Genoways. In Mexico, fine tequila is serious business. That’s in part because over the last 25 years, US imports of pure agave tequila have doubled—with the greatest leap coming in the super-premium division, where sales of high-end tequilas have increased five times over. The billion-dollar market has become so lucrative that George Clooney, Sean Combs, and Justin Timberlake each have their own brands. All that growth has pushed growers to plant vast monoculture fields and deploy the products of American agrichemical companies, like pesticides and synthetic fertilizer. But that could soon change: Journalist and author Ted Genoways tells the story of the rogue Mexican optometrist who has started an organic tequila revolution—and how his radical ideas are catching on.

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7 Great Environment Longreads From 2015

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Here Is Every Crazy, Insane, Terrible, Genius, Infuriating Thing Donald Trump Did This Year

Mother Jones

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It’s hard to overstate Donald Trump’s impact on the 2016 race for the White House. The business tycoon symbolizes the shift from traditional presidential campaigns to the new uncampaign. Trump has had no need to pander for money, and he has been impervious to criticism—no matter how justified. He seems to only be strengthened by political gaffes that would doom other candidates. This year, he has dominated the news cycle repeatedly and ridden high in the polls. Chronicling all his whacky remarks, blunders, outrageous proposals, and, of course, crazy tweets of this past year would be nearly impossible. But we tried.

January 24: A friendly and relatively noncombative Trump delivers a speech at the Iowa Freedom Summit, where he says he has “tremendous respect for the tea party.”

January 26: Two days after his speech in Iowa, Trump talks to Fox News’ Greta Van Susteren about a possible presidential run. After saying that 2012 GOP nominee Mitt Romney is “not a closer” and noting that former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush has no chance to win the White House because of his last name, Trump explains that he’s “very, very seriously considering” a run. “I could make America great again,” he insists.

January 31: Almost immediately, Trump’s “run” is dismissed as a publicity gambit cooked up to promote his businesses and TV shows. Writing in the New York Times, Gail Collins includes him in a list of people, such as former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, who are “feigning interest in the presidential race in order to promote their cheesy television shows.”

March 1-5: Early indications suggest that Republican voters agree Trump isn’t a serious candidate. A poll done by the Wall Street Journal and NBC finds that 74 percent of Republican primary voters say they couldn’t imagine voting for him.

March 8: Bush appears to be the odds-on favorite for the GOP nomination, and Trump’s possible run is still not being taken seriously. Analyzing the potential candidacy of Ohio Gov. John Kasich, a Cleveland Plain Dealer opinion writer notes that Trump is 99 percent sure not to be nominated as the Republican candidate because he’s “too despicable.”

March 18: Trump announces that he is going to form an exploratory committee. “I have a great love for our country, but it is a country that is in serious trouble. We have lost the respect of the entire world. Americans deserve better than what they get from their politicians—who are all talk and no action!” Trump says in a statement. Politico reports that Trump has made “several key hires” in Iowa, New Hampshire, and South Carolina and that “additional advisers” are “based in New York.”

March 19: The day after his exploratory committee is announced, his campaign is dismissed by political pundits and operatives. Mark Barabak of the Los Angeles Times writes that Trump is “flirting—again—with a contest he has no chance of winning.” Former New Hampshire GOP Chairman Fergus Cullen tells the Boston Herald that “I look forward to the day he quits the race, and I hope that he does so in complete disgrace. I don’t want to give him an ounce of serious assessment or credibility as somebody who is a serious person in any way.”

March 25: Washington Post writer Phillip Bump reiterates the widespread doubts about Trump, writing that “very few people consider Donald Trump a real candidate for president.”

April 16: Trump quotes a controversial tweet about Hillary Clinton:

April 17: A Trump spokesperson tells the Daily Caller that one of Trump’s 10 staff members retweeted the Clinton tweet. “As soon as Mr. Trump saw the tweet he deleted it,” the spokesperson says.

April 27: Washington Post columnist Richard Cohen argues that Trump being in the race makes everybody look better by comparison. “The man provides a utility that the party dearly needs,” he writes. “He makes the other candidates seem reasonable.”

May 17: Trump attends the Iowa Republican Party’s Lincoln Dinner, an annual fundraiser for the state party that attracts national candidates during election cycles. “We have to make our country great again,” he says. “We have to.” During the speech, Trump tells the crowd that he will have an announcement that is “going to surprise a lot of people.”

May 28: Trump has 4.5 percent support in the RealClearPolitics average of national GOP presidential polls, more than 10 points behind front-runner Bush, who leads the pack at 14.8 percent.

May 30: Referring to the Lincoln Dinner, the New York Post‘s Kyle Smith writes a piece, “Stop pretending—Donald Trump is not running for president.” Smith calls Trump’s announcement tease a “bid for publicity” and cites his unpopularity within the GOP as a reason he will never run.

June 16: After slowly descending a golden escalator in the lobby of Trump Towers in New York City—a scene oddly predicted by The Simpsons—Trump announces his candidacy. “Today I am declaring my candidacy for president,” he says. “I will be the greatest jobs president that God ever created.” Trump talks about how much money he has (“I’m not doing that to brag”), the American Dream (“the American Dream is dead”), and how the country is run by “losers.” This is also the speech where Trump unveils his thoughts on Mexico and immigration:

The US has become a dumping ground for everybody else’s problems…When Mexico sends its people, they’re not sending their best. They’re not sending you referring to the crowd. They’re not sending you. They’re sending people that have lots of problems, and they’re bringing those problems with us. They’re bringing drugs. They’re bringing crime. They’re rapists. And some, I assume, are good people.

The day he announces, conservative Washington Post columnist Jennifer Rubin writes a column titled “The Trump Clown Show” and calls Trump a “huckster” who isn’t serious about running for president. She adds that he’s a “ludicrous figure with no chance to win,” and that he’s using a presidential campaign “purely as self-promotion and to air his obnoxious attitudes.”

June 17: The Hollywood Reporter reveals that some of the supporters at Trump’s announcement were paid $50 each to be there.

June 25 : Univision announces it will drop the Miss USA and Miss Universe pageants and cut all ties with Trump after his remarks about Mexican immigrants.

June 26: Trump posts a letter he sends to Univision CEO Randy Falco:

Letter to @Univision- re: @TrumpDoral

A photo posted by Donald J. Trump (@realdonaldtrump) on Jun 26, 2015 at 1:10pm PDT

June 29: NBCUniversal, the network that jointly produced the Miss Universe and Miss USA pageants with Trump, cuts ties to Trump. “At NBC, respect and dignity for all people are cornerstones of our values,” the network says in a statement. “Due to the recent derogatory statements by Donald Trump regarding immigrants, NBCUniversal is ending its business relationship with Mr. Trump.”

Speaking with reporters after a campaign event in Chicago, Trump blasts NBC’s decision: “If NBC is so weak and so foolish to not understand the serious illegal immigration problem in the United States, coupled with the horrendous and unfair trade deals we are making with Mexico, then their contract violating closure of Miss Universe/Miss USA will be determined in court.” He later adds, “They will stand behind lying Brian Williams, but won’t stand behind people that tell it like it is, as unpleasant as that may be.”

June 30: Trump files a $500 million lawsuit against Univision.

July 1: Two weeks after he announces his candidacy, Trump shoots to second in a national CNN poll of Republicans. Bush leads at this point with 19 percent, compared with Trump’s 12 percent.

July 1: Still dealing with the fallout from his comments about “rapists” coming across the border from Mexico, Trump utters one of the more memorable lines of the year. When CNN’s Don Lemon tries to get Trump to distinguish between rape in Mexico and criminals who come across the border, Trump says, “Somebody’s doing the raping, Don…Who’s doing the raping?”

July 1: Macy’s announces that it is cutting ties with Trump over his comments about Mexican immigrants. Only minutes after Macy’s announces its decision, Trump releases a statement saying it was his decision to end the business relationship. “I have decided to terminate my relationship with Macy’s because of the pressure being put on them by outside sources,” he says. “While selling Trump ties and shirts at Macy’s is a small business in terms of dollar volume, my principles are far more important and therefore much more valuable.”

July 8: Acclaimed restaurateur José Andrés announces that he is pulling his restaurant from Trump’s planned Washington, DC, hotel.

July 11: Trump keeps up his attacks on Univision:

July 14: The Trump campaign tweets an ad that includes a photo of marching soldiers. After the photo’s context is pointed out on the internet, the campaign deletes the tweet and says an intern didn’t notice that the stock photo was of Nazi soldiers.

July 18: In a speech at Family Leadership Summit in Iowa, Trump says Sen. John McCain “is not a war hero” and is only considered a “war hero because he was captured. I like people that weren’t captured.” The Iowa audience laughs and applauds.

Political commentators and his GOP rivals rip Trump for the comments, and some consider Trump’s insults a mortal blow to his campaign:

A headline in the New York Post later that day reads, “Trump campaign implodes after McCain war hero insult.” It quotes several of Trump’s GOP primary opponents condemning the remarks. Former Republican GOP candidate Mitt Romney tweets, “The difference between @SenJohnMcCain and @realDonaldTrump: Trump shot himself down.”

July 20: Trump reaches first place in the RealClearPolitics poll averages, besting Bush for the first time.

July 20: South Carolina GOP Sen. Lindsey Graham, who entered the race on June 1, calls Trump a “jackass” on CNN in response to Trump’s criticism of McCain. “What he said about John, I think, was offensive,” Graham says. “He’s becoming a jackass at a time when we need to have a serious debate about the future of the party and the country. This is a line he’s crossed, and this is the beginning of the end of Donald Trump…I am really pissed.”

July 21: After calling Graham a “lightweight” and an “idiot,” Trump gives out Graham’s personal cellphone number during a rally. The first polling after the McCain insult shows negligible damage to Trump’s support.

July 22: Lindsey Graham releases a video titled “How to Destroy Your Cell Phone With Sen. Lindsey Graham.” In the video, he uses a meat cleaver, a golf club, fire, a blender, a brick, and a toaster oven to destroy his phone. “Or if all else fails, you can always give your number to The Donald,” he says. “This is for all the veterans,” he adds before throwing the phone against a wall. The video has more than 2.1 million views on YouTube and might represent the high-water mark of the Graham campaign.

July 23: Trump visits Laredo, Texas, to warn about the danger of Mexican immigrants and refers to the personal danger he faces in traveling to the border. “I have to do it,” he says. “I love this country.” Laredo is one of the safest cities in the United States.

July 28: Ten days after the McCain episode, the average polls put Trump at 18.2 percent, nearly five points above on Bush’s 13.7 percent.

August 6: When Fox News moderator Megyn Kelly asks about his history of misogyny and crude comments about women at the first GOP presidential debate of the cycle, Trump says his use of the term “fat pig” was only in reference to Rosie O’Donnell. He then says, “Frankly, what I say—and oftentimes it’s fun, kidding, we have a good time—what I say is what I say. And honestly, Megyn, if you don’t like it, I’m sorry. I’ve been very nice to you, although I could probably not be based on the way you have treated me. But I wouldn’t do that.” The audience at the Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland seems to be on Trump’s side during the exchange.

August 7: The day after the debate, Trump tells CNN’s Don Lemon that Kelly’s questions were “unfair” and “vicious,” and “you could see there was blood coming out of her eyes, blood coming out of her wherever…” This prompts widespread criticism that Trump had suggested that Kelly was menstruating. Trump later says he was referring to Kelly’s nose.

That same day, prominent conservative Erik Erickson uninvites Trump from the RedState Gathering, a three-day event full of hundreds of GOP activists, elected officials, and journalists. Event organizer Erickson—who has his own issues with misogyny—writes on his website that while he thought Trump was being treated unfairly by the media and the Republican Party, his comments about Kelly were too much. “There are just real lines of decency a person running for President should not cross,” he writes. “His comment was inappropriate.”

August 13: Kelly announces she’s taking a vacation. “It’s been an interesting week, and a long six months, without vacation for yours truly,” she says on her nightly show. “So I’ll be taking the next week and a half off.”

August 14: When asked, Trump says there’s “probably” a connection between his attacks and Kelly’s time off, “but I wouldn’t know anything about it.” He adds, “People were very surprised that, all the sudden, she decided to go away for 10 days…Some people make those quick decisions.”

A Fox spokeswoman says Kelly’s vacation was pre-planned and “conspiracy theories rank up there with UFO’s, the moon landing and Elvis being alive.” She adds that “to imply otherwise, as Donald Trump and his campaign operatives have, is not only wildly irresponsible, but downright bizarre.”

August 16: Trump tells NBC’s Chuck Todd that he would deport all undocumented immigrants in the United States, including any US-born children. “We’re going to keep the families together, but they have to go,” he says.

During the same interview, Todd asks Trump whom he consults for military advice. “Well, I watch the shows,” Trump says. “I mean, I really see a lot of great—you know, when you watch your show and all of the other shows and you have the generals and you have certain people that you like.” When pressed, he names former UN Ambassador John Bolton and retired Army Colonel Jack Jacobs.

August 19: Jacobs tells Mother Jones‘ David Corn that he’s never talked to Trump about national security matters.

August 22: Trump’s poll numbers plateau after the first debate and the subsequent attacks on Kelly. By August 22, he drops to 22 percent in the polls, down from his previous high of 24.3 percent. Factoring in margins of error, this is approximately where he was before mixing it up with Kelly and still more than double his next-closest competitor (Bush, 10.7 percent).

August 24: Trump resumes his attacks on Kelly:

August 25: Fox News’ chairman and CEO, Roger Ailes, defends Kelly in a statement posted on the Fox website, in which he calls Trump’s attacks on Kelly “unacceptable” and “disturbing.”

Megyn Kelly represents the very best of American journalism and all of us at FOX News Channel reject the crude and irresponsible attempts to suggest otherwise. I could not be more proud of Megyn for her professionalism and class in the face of all of Mr. Trump’s verbal assaults…Donald Trump rarely apologizes, although in this case he should.

August 26: Trump throws Univision journalist Jorge Ramos out of a press conference after Ramos demands that Trump answer his questions regarding Trump’s plan to remove all undocumented immigrants and their US-born children.

Trump’s polling numbers began to climb again.

September 3: A Trump security guard punches a Latino activist in the face outside of Trump Towers in New York City after the activist tries to take back signs the security guard had ripped from protesters’ hands.

September 8: Trump releases a short video on Instagram—his preferred venue for attack ads—describing Bush as “low energy.”

Wake up Jeb supporters!

A video posted by Donald J. Trump (@realdonaldtrump) on Sep 8, 2015 at 11:53am PDT

September 9: Trump mocks GOP presidential rival and former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fiorina’s appearance in an interview with Rolling Stone: “Look at that face!” he says, as the reporter and his staff sit around a table watching TV news. “Would anyone vote for that? Can you imagine that, the face of our next president? I mean, she’s a woman, and I’m not s’posedta say bad things, but really, folks, come on. Are we serious?”

September 16: During the second GOP debate, this time at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California, Fiorina is asked about Trump’s remarks. “I think women all over this country heard very clearly what Mr. Trump said,” Fiorina says, as the crowd erupts in applause. Trump smiles, and then awkwardly interjects: “I think she’s got a beautiful face, and I think she’s a beautiful woman.”

Also during the debate, Sen. Rand Paul questions Trump’s maturity and judgment in a discussion of whether Trump is capable of controlling the US nuclear arsenal.

“I think really there’s a sophomoric quality that is entertaining about Mr. Trump,” Paul says. “But I am worried, I am very concerned about having him in charge of the nuclear weapons because…his visceral response to attack people on their appearance—short, tall, fat, ugly. My goodness, that happened in junior high. Are we not way above that? Would we not all be worried to have someone like that be in charge of the nuclear arsenal?”

Trump offers a classic Trump response: “I never attacked him on his looks and, believe me, there’s plenty of subject matter right there.”

September 19: Ten days after his comments about Fiorina, Trump reaches his highest average poll numbers yet, at just above 30 percent, more than 10 points over Ben Carson and crushing Bush.

October 8: Trump manages to insult right-wing firebrand Glenn Beck and former House Speaker John Boehner in one tweet:

October 16: Trump heaps some of the blame for 9/11 on George W. Bush: “You talk about George Bush, say what you want, the World Trade Center came down during his time.” The interviewer, Bloomberg’s Stephanie Ruhle, pushes back and says, “Hold on: You can’t blame George Bush for that.” Trump presses on: “He was president, okay? Don’t blame or don’t blame him, but he was president, and the World Trade Center came down during his reign.”

October 25: During a discussion on CBS’s “Face the Nation” about using the debt ceiling as leverage, Trump insults Republicans’ negotiation skills. “The Republicans don’t know how to negotiate, to be honest with you,” he says. “I’m a Republican. It’s embarrassing to watch them negotiate.”

October 26: A pair of polls puts Carson way ahead of Trump in Iowa, 31 percent to 19 percent in one poll and 32 percent to 18 percent in the other.

November 4: Though Trump has said in much of his campaign that he’s different because he doesn’t need or want big donors’ money, Politico reports that he has, in fact, reached out to wealthy right-wing donors like Sheldon Adelson, Paul Singer, and the Koch brothers.

November 10: During the GOP debate in Milwaukee, Trump competitor and Ohio Gov. John Kasich says Trump’s plan to deport more than 11 million people is a “silly argument.” In response, Trump says it is possible, citing the work of former President Dwight Eisenhower in the 1950s. The plan Trump champions was called “Operation Wetback,” and it consisted of rounding up Mexicans near the border—whether or not they were immigrants—taking them across the border, and leaving them there. Dozens died, families were displaced, and the operation is looked at today as an abomination.

November 13: A story in the Washington Post suggests the Republican establishment is extremely worried about Trump winning the nomination, believing it would “virtually ensure a Hillary Rodham Clinton presidency and increase the odds that the Senate falls into Democratic hands.”

November 13: During an attack on GOP rival Carson at a campaign rally at an Iowa community college, Trump blasts Iowa voters who still seem to support the retired neurosurgeon and motivational speaker. “How stupid are the people of Iowa?” he asks. “How stupid are the people of the country to believe this crap?” Trump’s speech lasts more than an hour and a half and includes barbs against other candidates. He describes Rubio as “weak like a baby, like a baby.” He says Democratic front-runner Clinton is “playing the woman’s card, big league.” While discussing Carson’s anger management problem as a teenager, Trump compares Carson to a child molester: “If you’re a child molester, a sick puppy, a child molester, there’s no cure for that. If you’re a child molester, there’s no cure. They can’t stop you. Pathological—there’s no cure. Now, he said he was pathological.”

Watch Trump flip his belt up and down while questioning Carson’s story that as a teenager he once tried to stab a friend:

During this same speech, Trump says he would “bomb the shit” out of ISIS:

November 13: Once more, Trump’s provocative remarks are seen as the beginning of his demise. A New York magazine blog post observes, “It’s hard for entertainers to stay on top for long, and there are already signs that Trump is about to be replaced by his younger, crazier, and more outsider-y rival, Dr. Ben Carson. Trump seems increasingly distressed by his waning popularity, and in Iowa…he tried a notoriously desperate move: releasing a ‘greatest hits’ album.”

ISIS-inspired terrorists attack Paris, killing more than 129 people and injuring more than 350 people.

November 16: Trump says the United States needs to conduct surveillance on, and perhaps close, some mosques. “I would hate to do it,” he tells MSNBC’s Joe Scarborough, “but it’s something that you’re going to have to strongly consider.”

November 20: A week after the terrorist attacks in Paris, Trump says he would “certainly implement” a database to track Muslims in the United States and adds that there “should be a lot of systems, beyond databases.” The comments cause an immediate uproar.

November 21: Trump claims he saw “thousands and thousands of people…cheering as the World Trade Center was coming down” in Jersey City, New Jersey. Media and law enforcement swiftly rebut the claims, but Trump continues to insist he saw what he says he saw.

The same day, at a rally in Birmingham, Alabama, Trump talks about Muslims again: “I do want databases for those people coming in…I want surveillance of these people. I want surveillance if we have to and I don’t care. I want—are you ready for this, folks?…I want surveillance of certain mosques, okay?”

At that rally, a black protester is attacked by Trump supporters as the activist shouts “Black lives matter!”

Trump tells Fox News that “maybe he should have been roughed up.”

November 22: While talking with ABC’s George Stephanopoulos, Trump repeats the claim: “There were people that were cheering on the other side of New Jersey, where you have large Arab populations,” Trump says. “I know it might not be politically correct for you to talk about it, but there were people cheering as that building came down—as those buildings come down. And that tells you something.”

November 24: Trump mocks a New York Times reporter’s disability after the reporter is unable to remember all the details he reported in a 2001 story about arrests of people seen celebrating the World Trade Center attacks. The reporter in question, Serge Kovaleski, says he has covered Trump extensively over the years, and that the two know each other.

The New York Times reports that a plaque at one of Trump’s golf courses—in Lowes Island, Virginia—references a spot on the river that was known during the Civil War as the “River of Blood.” It turns out that nothing ever happened at the spot that Trump’s plaque says happened. When pressed, Trump challenges the local historians who deny his claims: “How would they know that? Were they there?”

November 29: Meet the Press host Chuck Todd presses Trump on his claims that Muslims celebrated on 9/11, but Trump insists he’s right. Todd tells him that “nobody could find evidence” of what he was describing and says Trump is “feeding a stereotype” that is false. “You’re running for president of the United States. Your words matter,” he adds. “Truthfulness matters. Fact-based stuff matters, no?”

Trump responds, “Take it easy, Chuck. Just play cool. This is people in this country that love our country, that saw this by the hundreds—they’re calling.”

November 30: Trump floats the prospect of boycotting the December 15 CNN debate unless he’s paid $5 million, which he promises would go to “the Wounded Warriors or the vets.” He relents and offers two explanations for his about-face: He is leading in the polls and sees skipping the debate as a risk, and he doesn’t have the “kind of leverage I’d like to have in a deal, and I don’t want to take the chance of hurting my campaign.”

December 2: Trump appears on the internet-based talk show of Alex Jones, a 9/11-truther and star of the conspiracy underworld. During the interview, Trump says he predicted the rise and ultimate danger of Osama bin Laden in his 2000 book, The America We Deserve. The claim is false. The book contains one reference to bin Laden. It refers to bin Laden as one of many threats the United States faces, explaining that even though the government had told the public about bin Laden, the information was fragmentary and the public’s attention quickly focused on another threat.

December 3: Trump employs a series of Jewish stereotypes in a speech given to the Republican Jewish Coalition in Washington, DC. A sampling: “Look, I’m a negotiator like you folks; we’re negotiators.” “You just like me because my daughter happens to be Jewish.” And, “You’re not going to support me because I don’t want your money.”

December 7: Five days after the terrorist attack in San Bernadino, California, Trump calls for “a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country’s representatives can figure out what’s going on.” Trump’s proposal spurs indignation among political opponents in both parties and from leaders around the world.

December 9: In a closed-door meeting in New York City with donors, Sen. Ted Cruz says the question of judgment “is a challenging question” for Trump and Carson.

December 13: Trump tells Fox News’ Chris Wallace that he doesn’t think Cruz is qualified to be president. “I don’t think he has the right temperament. I don’t think he’s got the right judgment. You look at the way he’s dealt with the Senate, where he goes in there like a, well, frankly like a little bit of a maniac—you’re never going to get things done that way.”

Later that day, Cruz responds via Twitter:

December 14: On the eve of the fifth GOP presidential debate in Las Vegas, Trump hosts a rally that includes several protesters who are violently thrown out. In one case, a black man is surrounded, knocked to the ground and manhandled. One onlooker shouts, “Light the motherfucker on fire!”

Another supporter reportedly yells, “Sieg heil!”.

December 15: During the GOP debate in Las Vegas, radio host and co-moderator Hugh Hewitt asks Trump what his priority is in terms of updating and maintaining the nuclear triad, referring to the United States’ three delivery systems for nuclear missiles: submarine-based missiles, silo-based missiles, and plane-based bombs. It becomes pretty clear that Trump has no idea what the nuclear triad is, as he rambles through an answer that includes observations about Iraq in 2004, how the United States should not get involved in Syria without nuclear power, and that nuclear proliferation is a major problem. Hewitt tries a second time to find out his priority in the triad. Trump responds: “I think—I think, for me, nuclear is just the power, the devastation is very important to me.”

December 16: James Fallows writes in The Atlantic that Trump’s triad answer was a bridge too far: “To put it in context, this is like applying for a position on The Apprentice and having no idea what ‘the bottom line’ is, or applying to be an airline pilot and not knowing how to interpret ‘cleared to land’…If realities mattered in this race, what Trump has just revealed would be fundamentally disqualifying ignorance for someone seeking a position of command responsibility.”

December 18: Trump tells MSNBC’s Brzezinski and Scarborough that he likes the fact that Russian President Vladimir Putin has nice things to say about him. Scarborough points out that Putin is “also a guy who kills journalists, political opponents, and invades countries.” Trump coolly responds, “He’s running his country and at least he’s a leader.”

December 19: Trump campaign spokeswoman Katrina Pierson tells Fox News that Trump isn’t afraid to use nuclear weapons: “What good does it do to have a good nuclear triad if you’re afraid to use it?” Later in the segment, conservative columnist Kurt Schlichter blasts Trump’s ignorance on the issue: “My God! Is it too much that he know what the nuclear triad is? I mean, Katrina, the point of the nuclear triad is to be afraid to use the damn thing. You want to scare the hell out of the other side. Barack Obama is not doing it, and, frankly, my side will be more scared if Donald Trump gets his finger on the button.”

December 20: On ABC’s This Week With George Stephanopoulos, Trump continues to defend Putin’s record of alleged involvement in the assassination of journalists and political opponents. “In all fairness to Putin, you’re saying he killed people,” he says. “I haven’t seen that. I don’t know that he has…If he has killed reporters, I think that’s terrible…It’s never been proven that he’s killed anybody, so you know you’re supposed to be innocent until proven guilty, at least in this country. He has not been proven that he’s killed reporters.”

December 21: At a campaign rally in Michigan, Trump brings up the fact that people got upset about his defense of Putin’s record of killing journalists. Trump says he doesn’t “like” that, and “is totally against it.” He then adds his own thoughts about reporters. “By the way, I hate some of these people, but I’d never kill them. I hate ’em,” he says as the crowd roars its approval. “Honestly, I’ll be honest, I’ll be honest, I would never kill them, I would never do that. I would never kill them, but I do hate them, and some of them are such lying, disgusting people—it’s true.” The crowd’s applause and cheers grow even louder.

Later in the speech, Trump rolls out a wildly sexist attack against Clinton while talking about her 2008 primary defeat. “She was going to beat Obama,” he says. “I don’t know who’d be worse. I don’t know. How does it get worse? She was favored to win and she got schlonged. She lost. She lost.”

At the same rally, he also asks where Clinton was when, after a short commercial break, ABC News turned back to debate coverage before Clinton had returned to her podium. “I know where she went,” he says. “It’s disgusting, I don’t want to talk about it—too disgusting, don’t say it, it’s disgusting.”

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Here Is Every Crazy, Insane, Terrible, Genius, Infuriating Thing Donald Trump Did This Year

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Wherefore Art Thou, Mohammad?

Mother Jones

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Before the New York Times stationed him in Afghanistan, Rod Nordland spent years reporting on the Soviet occupation and its aftermath for Newsweek. But he couldn’t have anticipated the dilemma he would face covering America’s longest war. In 2010, Nordland was poking around for a story about honor killings when he learned of Zakia and Mohammad Ali, a young Afghan couple who had defied their families, cultural conventions, sectarian loyalties, and Islamic law in order to marry. His front-page Times story on Afghanistan’s “Romeo and Juliet” became an international sensation. As everyday Afghans celebrated the daring couple and the authorities threatened Ali with kidnapping charges, Nordland found himself increasingly wrapped up in their fate. His new book, The Lovers, comes out in January.

Mother Jones: How did you come across this story?

Rod Nordland: In a random email in bad English from a women’s affairs ministry official in Bamiyan. I get a lot of crank email, but it pays to read everything.

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Wherefore Art Thou, Mohammad?

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