Tag Archives: winter

Mark Twain, Groucho Marx, and the Importance of Comedy

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This essay will appear in “Comedy,” the Winter 2014 issue of Lapham’s Quarterly. This slightly adapted version story first appeared on the TomDispatch website with the kind permission of that magazine.

Well, humor is the great thing, the saving thing, after all. —Mark Twain

Twain for as long as I’ve known him has been true to his word, and so I’m careful never to find myself too far out of his reach. The Library of America volumes of his Collected Tales, Sketches, Speeches, and Essays (1852-1910) stand behind my desk on a shelf with the dictionaries and the atlas. On days when the news both foreign and domestic is moving briskly from bad to worse, I look to one or another of Twain’s jests to spring the trap or lower a rope, to summon, as he is in the habit of doing, a blast of laughter to blow away the “peacock shams” of the world’s “colossal humbug.”

Laughter was Twain’s stock in trade, and for 30 years as bestselling author and star attraction on America’s late-nineteenth-century lecture stage, he produced it in sufficient quantity to make bearable the acquaintance with grief that he knew to be generously distributed among all present in the Boston Lyceum or a Tennessee saloon, in a Newport drawing room as in a Nevada brothel. Whether the audience was sober or drunk, topped with top hats or snared in snakebitten boots, Twain understood it likely in need of a remedy to cover its losses.

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Mark Twain, Groucho Marx, and the Importance of Comedy

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Pussy Riot and Arctic 30 "Hooligans" to be Released from Russian Prison

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The two jailed members of the punk band Pussy Riot are set to be released from prison following an amnesty bill passed by the Russian parliament last night. Nadezhda Tolokonnikova and Maria Alyokhina were convicted of “hooliganism” and sentenced to two years in prison after they staged a protest against Putin and the Russian Orthodox church last year.

Also likely to be released are the members of the “Arctic 30,” a group of Greenpeace activists who staged a protest against drilling in the Arctic by boarding a Russian oil rig in September. The activists have spent two months in jail under charges of hooliganism. Peter Wilcox, the American captain of the Greenpeace ship that was raided by Russian authorities, says that while he’s happy to be going home, “I should never have been charged and jailed in the first place.”

The passage of the amnesty bill comes amid growing scrutiny of the Putin administration’s crack-down on gay rights. In June, Putin signed into law a bill banning the “propaganda of non-traditional sexual relations to minors.” President Obama announced Tuesday that he and Michelle Obama will not be attended the 2014 Winter Olympics, which will be held in Russia this February. Instead, Obama will be sending delegates: Tennis champion Billie Jean King and ice hockey medalist Caitlin Cahow, both of whom are openly gay.

Watch the “punk prayer” that got the Pussy Riot members locked in prison:

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Pussy Riot and Arctic 30 "Hooligans" to be Released from Russian Prison

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Greenpeace 30, Pussy Riot get Russian amnesty

Greenpeace 30, Pussy Riot get Russian amnesty

Dmitri Sharomov / Greenpeace

Greenpeace activist Sini Saarela, soon to be free.

They’re not pirates. They’re not hooligans. The Arctic 30, an international group of Greenpeace activists and journalists arrested in September at an offshore oil platform in Russia’s Arctic waters, are no longer accused criminals.

Charges against all members of the group are being dropped by Russia, and the 26 non-Russians among them will be free to return to their homelands.

Russia’s parliament on Wednesday approved by a 446-0 vote an amnesty that’s expected to affect thousands of prisoners and accused criminals, also including the two jailed members of Pussy Riot. The amnesty coincides with the 20th anniversary of Russia’s constitution and with the lead-up to the Winter Olympics Games, which Russia is hosting in February. Al Jazeera explains:

The initial bill listed hooliganism and mass riot charges, but said that only convicts can seek amnesty. The parliament then passed amendments stipulating that cases on those charges be closed even before reaching trial or verdict.

The amendments effectively meant that prosecution of the entire Greenpeace crew arrested after a protest in the Barents Sea and charged with hooliganism would end and the foreigners now staying in St Petersburg could finally go home.

The members of the Arctic 30 had faced up to seven years in jail if convicted of the crime of hooliganism. They had been initially charged as pirates, a crime that carries a maximum sentence of 15 years.

“I might soon be going home to my family, but I should never have been charged and jailed in the first place,” said Peter Willcox, the American captain of Greenpeace’s vessel. “We sailed north to bear witness to a profound environmental threat but our ship was stormed by masked men wielding knives and guns. Now it’s nearly over and we may soon be truly free, but there’s no amnesty for the Arctic. We may soon be home, but the Arctic remains a fragile global treasure under assault by oil companies and the rising temperatures they’re driving. We went there to protest against this madness. We were never the criminals here.”


Source
Russian parliament votes for amnesty for Arctic 30, Greenpeace
Arctic 30 protesters and Pussy Riot members set to walk free, The Guardian
Russia parliament approves amnesty for prisoners, BBC
Russia approves sweeping amnesty to prisoners, Al Jazeera

John Upton is a science fan and green news boffin who tweets, posts articles to Facebook, and blogs about ecology. He welcomes reader questions, tips, and incoherent rants: johnupton@gmail.com.

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5 Reasons to Love the Winter Solstice

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5 Reasons to Love the Winter Solstice

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Friday Cat Blogging – 13 December 2013

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Gizmodo tells us today that squirrels were first introduced into urban parks by Philadelphia in 1847. Everyone loved it and the idea soon spread:

Central Park led the way in the second wave of squirrels introduced into American cities….Feeding the squirrels became a past time during these years, and was eventually seen by naturalists and conservationists as a way to help humans learn how to better treat animals….So next time you see a squirrel in the park, drink it in. These little critters were put there for your entertainment. But perhaps more importantly, they were put there to remind us of how man and nature must get along, even if it takes a little effort.

The little critters are everywhere now. One in particular has taken up residence in my backyard for some reason. I don’t think there’s anything to eat there, so I’m not sure what’s going on. Is he burying acorns there or something? It would be a pretty good spot, I suppose, since Domino doesn’t go outside much anymore and wouldn’t know what to do with a squirrel if she saw one. Especially in the winter, she much prefers burrowing under a nice, warm quilt. Today’s sample is another double Irish chain design, twin-sized, machine pieced and machine quilted. It nursed me back to health earlier this week when I headed downstairs during a bout of insomnia, so perhaps it has wonderful medicinal qualities too. Who knows?

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Friday Cat Blogging – 13 December 2013

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Antarctic moss a charming but chilling sign of warming

Antarctic moss a charming but chilling sign of warming

Peter Convey, British Antarctic SurveyThe world’s southernmost moss bank began growing around 1860.

A fleecy clump of moss growing on the Antarctic Peninsula might not seem like much of a sight to behold, but it’s a sign of a climate in flux.

The patch of Polytrichum moss, sampled in 2008 by scientists at Alexander Island’s Lazarev Bay, either did not exist or was slumbering beneath ice when the peninsula was first spotted by Russian sailors in 1820.

But now it is flourishing on ice-free rock — the world’s southernmost such moss bank.

The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the fastest-warming regions in the world, with temperatures rising by one degree Fahrenheit every decade since 1950 — although that rate of warming has recently slowed. As the peninsula warms, and as its ice thaws and rainfall and snowfall becomes more common, soil organisms and simple plants are seizing on new growing opportunities.

The Lazarev Bay moss bank is being exposed to life-giving sunlight during the warmer months, when a blanket of winter snow melts away from its surface. It began growing 150 years ago, mushrooming at 1/20th of an inch during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, according to results of the scientists’ radiocarbon analysis, which were published Thursday in the journal Current Biology.

“The oldest organic matter at the bottom of the core had a most-likely date of around 1860 AD,” lead researcher Jessica Royles of the British Antarctic Survey told Grist.

Starting in the mid-1950s, the bank really took off, growing at four times that rate until the 1970s, when the rate tapered off slightly, perhaps as moisture conditions changed. From the paper:

[Antarctic Peninsula] growth rates and microbial productivity have risen rapidly since the 1960s, consistent with temperature changes, although recently they may have stalled. The recent increase in terrestrial plant growth rates and soil microbial activity are unprecedented in the last 150 years and are consistent with climate change.

Future changes in terrestrial biota are likely to track projected temperature increases closely and will fundamentally change the ecology and appearance of the Antarctic Peninsula.

So get your cruise tickets for the Antarctic now — the landscape might soon start to look a lot less Antarctic-like.

John Upton is a science fan and green news boffin who tweets, posts articles to Facebook, and blogs about ecology. He welcomes reader questions, tips, and incoherent rants: johnupton@gmail.com.

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Antarctic moss a charming but chilling sign of warming

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Deepwater Horizon blamed for still more oil spills

Deepwater Horizon blamed for still more oil spills

David Valentine, UC Santa BarbaraAnalysis of oil-sheen samples revealed that the Deepwater Horizon rig was the source.

More than three years after the Deepwater Horizon exploded, triggering the worst oil spill in American history, the sunken wreckage of the rig may still be leaking oil into the Gulf of Mexico.

Beginning in the fall of last year and continuing through the winter, mysterious oil sheens were spotted in the vicinity of the rig wreckage.

A team of researchers set about trying to figure out exactly where the oil was coming from by studying its chemical composition. They matched the slicks to samples taken from Deepwater Horizon debris. They also tracked the trajectories of the oil sheens as they spread across the Gulf, tracing them back to the wreckage.

Now they have concluded that pockets of oil trapped in the wreckage bubbled to the surface, triggering the oil sheens that were spotted in recent months.

The fact that the sunken rig has been leaking is bad news, but the scientists ruled out BP’s capped Macondo well as the source of the leaks, which is good news. “[T]he likely source is oil in tanks and pits on the [Deepwater Horizon] wreckage, representing a finite oil volume for leakage,” they reported in a new paper published in the journal Environmental Science & Technology. From a press release by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution:

The oil sheens were first reported to the United States Coast Guard by BP in mid-September 2012, raising public concern that the Macondo well, which was capped in July 2010, might be leaking.

“It was important to determine where the oil was coming from because of the environmental and legal concerns around these sheens. First, the public needed to be certain the leak was not coming from the Macondo well, but beyond that we needed to know the source of these sheens and how much oil is supplying them so we could define the magnitude of the problem,” said WHOI chemist Chris Reddy.

Is the rig’s ghoulish carcass still leaking oil to this day? That’s hard to say. “There are a few small lines [of oil] in the vicinity,” said Bonny Schumaker of On Wings of Care, a nonprofit that monitors Gulf oil spills from light aircraft. “They look just like other natural seeps in the Gulf.”

John Upton is a science fan and green news boffin who tweets, posts articles to Facebook, and blogs about ecology. He welcomes reader questions, tips, and incoherent rants: johnupton@gmail.com.

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Skiers and snowboarders to Obama: Save our snow!

Skiers and snowboarders to Obama: Save our snow!

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Landing a jump like this with no snow would be painful.

For the athletes who make a living skiing, snowboarding, and pursuing other adventurous sports on the snow and ice, the gnarly changes underway in the climate are especially bad news.

Scores of athletes, including Olympic medalists, said as much in a letter to President Barack Obama on Tuesday, trying to bring attention to the alarming disappearance of white winters.

The letter was drafted by the group Protect Our Winters and signed by 75 Olympic medalists and other winter sports athletes, including White House “Champion of Change” awardee and pro snowboarder Jeremy Jones. An excerpt:

As professional athletes, representing a community of 23 million winter sports enthusiasts, we’re witnessing climate change first-hand. Last year was the warmest year on record, and once again, we’re currently experiencing another winter season of inconsistent snow and questionable extremes. Without a doubt, winter is in trouble.

And with this lack of consistent snow, at risk are the economies of tourist-dependent states where winter tourism generates $12.2 billion in revenue annually, supports 212,000 jobs and $7 billion in salaries. Those are the jobs and businesses owned by our friends and families, generators of billions in federal and state income.

The good news is that because we know this warming is human-caused, we can do something about it and it can be done, now, from limiting carbon pollution from our nation’s dirty power plants to rejecting the Keystone XL tar sands pipeline.

First, it is time to tackle pollution from the biggest emitters in the United States: power plants. We’re asking for you to issue standards under the Clean Air Act that cut carbon pollution from America’s aging power plant fleet — at least 25 percent by 2020, while boosting energy efficiency and shifting to clean energy sources. Power plants are our largest source of carbon pollution. Cleaning them up will create tens of thousands of clean energy jobs, meet the pollution targets set for the country, and restore U.S. international leadership.

Furthermore, we urge you to reject dirty fuels like tar sands. Specifically, reject the Keystone XL tar sands pipeline, which is not in our national interest because it would unlock vast amounts of additional carbon that we can’t afford to burn, extend our dangerous addiction to fossil fuels, endanger health and safety, and put critical water resources at risk.

C’mon Obama dude, this shit is real!

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Skiers and snowboarders to Obama: Save our snow!

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Climate change will be great for Toronto, says insincere troll

Climate change will be great for Toronto, says insincere troll

Canada’s National Post is an admittedly right-wing newspaper. Proudly right-wing. Cringe-inducingly right-wing.

And so, a special comment the paper ran this morning, titled, “Warmer temperatures would be a benefit, not a problem, for Toronto.” The essay — which the title does an admirable job of summarizing — was written by Lawrence Solomon, who also wrote a book on climate change denial that’s actually called The Deniers. And with that, let’s begin.

In coming decades, climate change will warm Toronto by 5.7 degrees in winter and 3.8 degrees in summer, the city’s parks and environment committee learned in a consultants’ report tabled Tuesday. The consultants, pointing to potentially dire results, indicate that the city may need to spend billions in upgrades. In truth, rising temperatures would be a boon to the city and its taxpayers.

How so? In short: Less snow! Less salt to melt snow! Fewer potholes! Fewer traffic problems! Fewer accidents! More tourists! A word of caution, though: Solomon also suggests that warming may have peaked, remaining unchanged for the last 16 years (this is not true), and that, in fact, in 2014 “we will begin a 40-year-long descent into what will be Earth’s 19th Little Ice Age.” (This is also not true.)

kendoerr

Toronto, a genuinely lovely city.

It does not escape our notice that most of Solomon’s perks of warmer weather focus on his ability to drive more safely. Nor does it escape our notice that embracing climate change because it means fewer potholes is like embracing being mauled to death by a bear on a wintry tundra because the grizzly’s fur provides shelter from the wind.

Last November, the Toronto Star, a much more sensible newspaper (with double the National Post‘s circulation), ran an article outlining the real threat to Toronto from climate change.

The summer of 2012 was a hot one, preceded by a barely-existent winter. But in 30 years, Torontonians will look back on this as a relatively chilly year, compared with the temperatures being forecast in a dire report from the Toronto Environment Office.

The study predicts triple the number of above-30C days from about 22 on average annually to 66. It forecasts five times as many heat waves in the average summer and it warns that the days when the humidex hits 40C or higher will increase from nine a year to 39 on average. …

“Imagine a summer where for two months the temperature does not go down below 30C. If that were to happen tomorrow there would probably be a significant number of deaths. Our electricity infrastructure would fail. We would have massive blackouts and, who knows what else would happen to the other urban infrastructure? I’m not sure that the city and this administration is taking any of this stuff seriously,” said Franz Hartmann of the Toronto Environmental Alliance.

That may be true, Franz, but: fewer potholes! (Except the ones in which the asphalt buckles due to heat outside the parameters for which the road was built.)

The likely changes the city will see by 2050, as summarized by The Star:

A 4.4C average annual rise in temperature, including a 5.7C increase in winter and 3.8C in summer.
The city will see six times as many days when the temperature remains above 24C for 24 hours.
Slightly more precipitation but with less snow and more rain in the winter. The research forecasts 26 fewer snow days per year.
Fewer but more extreme rainstorms. The number of winter storms is expected to drop and the number of summer storms remain the same. The amount of rainfall expected in any single day or hour, however, will more than double.
Heat waves — three or more consecutive days of temperatures above 32C — will increase from 0.57 on average to five a year.

You know what tourists don’t like? Getting deluged with rain and then sweltering through record heat. That is not a fun tourist activity.

Happily, the city has had an action plan in place since 2008 which suggests ways of lessening and avoiding the worst effects of climate change. The question the Star sought to ask wasn’t what was being done, but if what is being done is enough. This is the role responsible media outlets play.

Solomon’s essay is, at its heart, a troll, an attempt to frustrate his opponents and incite anger. Fine. In that respect and that respect only it is a complete success. But one would think he’d be embarrassed by the factual errors (ones so easily debunked) — and even more so by his core argument. “I can’t wait for global warming because winter sucks,” is the first line of attack from a sixth grader who has just discovered the concept and wants to be a contrarian. That’s Solomon’s most fitting audience: immature children who are more interested in showing their uniqueness than giving any thought to how the world is changing around them.

Philip Bump writes about the news for Gristmill. He also uses Twitter a whole lot.

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Crunching the numbers: Will you see a white Christmas?

Crunching the numbers: Will you see a white Christmas?

calliope

There are two questions that arise at the end of every year. The first is: Did I fulfill all of my resolutions this year? And the answer to that is always no, unless you are lying to yourself. The second is: Will we have a white Christmas? And, pretty soon, that one’s going to always be no, as well. Unless you move to, say, Canada.

This year is one of the bubble years, a year in which a white Christmas is still possible. Yes, it’s warmer than usual — in fact, it’s the warmest year in American history — but the worst long-term effects of warming haven’t yet made December snowfall an improbability. So let’s ask the question.

Spoiler: For most of the country, the answer is always no. If you live in Miami, it likely never occurs to you to even ask it, unless the query comes up as you’re singing a Christmas carol. Angelenos, the same; snowfall is something to be visited on mountaintops, not seen in drifts around a palm tree.

For those for whom it’s possible, a secondary question: What constitutes a white Christmas? There are three options.

  1. Snow falling on Christmas
  2. Any amount of snow visible on the ground on Christmas
  3. A blanket of snow on the ground on Christmas

These are three very different things, requiring different conditions, appearing in decreasing order of likelihood. As a purist, I’ll insist that the third choice is what really constitutes a white Christmas, an amount of snow that deters going outside for long — an amount of snow that encourages the coziness of a warm house and a fire. Well, not a fire, given the carbon dioxide and particulate emissions. But you get my point.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration agrees with my vision of Christmas whiteness (so to speak). Here’s its map of the historic probability of an inch of snow on the holiday.

Click to embiggen.

I grew up in a bit of that dark purple stretch in western New York, hence my purism. If you find even a dusting of snow acceptable for your (lacking) standard, note that the odds of such snowfall are higher than the odds presented above. But also note that this is from data collected between 1981 and 2010, what I like to call “the old days.”

NOAA’s map doesn’t tell us anything about this year. So we turn to Weather.com’s white Christmas forecast.

Click to embiggen.

Weather.com, headquartered in Atlanta, uses the lowest standard for a white Christmas — any snowfall at all. And even under those conditions, it doesn’t look good for much of the country.

Being only a week out, we can get city-specific forecasts now. Such as for New York:

And Chicago:

And Denver:

Of those three, only Denver has a even shot at some snow, however little.

Incidentally, for those of you who took our comments at the beginning of this article to heart and had begun plans to move to our neighbor to the north, there’s no rush. Canada doesn’t look like it’s going to have a very white Christmas, either. From Smithsonian:

“We have this reputation. We are known as the Cold White North. But I don’t think we’re as cold and white as we once were,” said Environment Canada senior climatologist David Phillips to the [Canadian Press]. “Our reputation is being undermined. Winter is not … what it used to be. It was more of a done deal. It was more of a guarantee.”

During the 1960s, 70s, and 80s, says the CP, there was an 80% chance that it would be snowy on Christmas.

“Fast-forward to the last 20 years, and those odds on average have slipped to 65 per cent, according to Environment Canada.”

In short, then, there’s only one place on Earth where you can be guaranteed a white Christmas. No, not the Arctic circle (at least over the long term). Antarctica. That’s it. That’s your only option.

And if Antarctica stops offering a white Christmas, the holiday itself will probably have been abandoned in the transition to an ocean-based subsistence economy of nation-states constantly doing battle by outrigger canoe.

Merry Christmas, everyone!

Philip Bump writes about the news for Gristmill. He also uses Twitter a whole lot.

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